Amphetamine
Generic and Trade Names:
| Amphetamine Mixture | Adderall | ||
| Dextroamphetamine | Dexedrine | ||
| Methamphetamine | Desoxyn |
Description:
Amphetamines are prescription drugs classified as central nervous system stimulants or sympathomimetic amines. In the adult brain, they act to increase alertness and motor activity. Amphetamines are clinically used in the management of certain behavioral disturbances in children, symptomatic control of narcolepsy, and for the treatment of exogenous obesity. Amphetamines are also used as appetite suppressants (see under appetite disorders). They can be addictive. (Facts and Comparisons 1999)
Nutritional Considerations:
Hydration: insure adequate fluid intake unless directed otherwise. (Pronsky 1999)
Avoid high doses of vitamin c because it can decrease the absorption and increase the clearance of the drug. (Pronsky 1999)
Avoid alcohol (Pronsky 1999)
May cause stomach pain/upset, metallic taste in the mouth (Pronsky 1999)
Limit caffeine: coffee and tea. (Pronsky 1999)
Herbal Considerations:
Eucalyptus can increase the rate of metabolism and clearance of amphetamine. (Brinker 1998)
Yohimbe toxicity can be increased with coadministration of amphetamines. (Brinker 1998)
Astragalus, black haw, catnip, cayenne, dong quai, elecampane, European Mistletoe, Fo-ti, greater celandine, guarana, kelp plant, lobelia, marigold, Passion flower, pulsatilla, sage, silverweed, skunk cabbage, slippery elm, southernwood, squill, St. John's wort, Thorn apple and yohimbe should be used with caution in conjunction with CNS depressants or stimulants. (Blumenthal 1998)(Brinker 1998)(Newall 1996)
Ephedra should not be taken together with other CNS stimulants or circulatory agents (digitoxin, amphetamines, etc.). A single high dose could result in irregular heartbeats. (Brinker 1998)
Combining a stimulant with ginseng increases the risk of side-effects. (Newall 1996)
The psycho- and physicostimulant property of ginkgo may be assumed to interact in presently unknown ways with other psychoactive central and peripheral nervous system stimulants. (Newall 1996)
Due to their spasmolytic nature: anise, basil plant, black radish, crampbark, dill, feverfew, gum plant, kava kava, Lady's slipper, lavender, Linden tree, meadowsweet, mouse ear, nutmeg, oats, osha, Roman chamomile, sundew and thyme may interact in unknown ways with CNS depressants or stimulants. (Blumenthal 1998) (Newall 1996)(PDR Herbal 1998)
References
Angel, J.E. 1983. Physicians Desk Reference. Medical Economics Company, Inc. Oradell, New Jersey.
Anggard E, Jonsson LE, Hogmark AL et al: Amphetamine metabolism in amphetamine psychosis. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1973; 14:870-880.
Beckett AH & Rowland M: Urinary excretion kinetics of amphetamine in man. J Pharm Pharmacol 1965; 17:628-639.
Blumenthal, M (Ed.): The Complete German Commission E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines. American Botanical Council. Austin, TX. 1998.
Brinker,Francis N.D. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 1998
Facts and Comparisons, Clinisphere 2.0, Wolters Kluwer Company, 1999.
Newall CA, Anderson LA, Phillipson JD. Herbal Medicines: A Guide for Health-care Professionals. London: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996
Osol, Arthur. 1980. Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences. Mack Publishing Company, Pennsylvania.
PDR for Herbal Medicines, Medical Economics Company, 1st edition, 1998.
Product Information: Dexedrine(R), dextroamphetamine sulphate. Smithkline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, Philadelphia, PA, 1996.
Pronsky, Zaneta. Food Medication Interactions. 11th edition. 1999.
Rowland M & Beckett AH: The amphetamines: clinical and pharmacokinetic implications of recent studies of an assay procedure and urinary excretion in man. Arzneimittelforschung 1966; 16:1369-1373.
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