Antipsychotic Medications
Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
Clozapine (Clozaril)
Haloperidol (Haldol)
Loxapine (Loxitane)
Olanzapine (Zyprexa)
Perphenazine (Trilafon)
Risperidone Risperdal)
Thioridazine (Mellaril)
Thiothixene (Navane)
Nutritional Considerations:
Take with food to reduce stomach irritation. (Pronsky 1999)
Avoid alcohol. (Facts and Comparisons 2000)
Co-Q-10 deficiency is possible with chlorpromazine, perphenazine, and thioridazine. (Folkers 1985) (Kishi 1980) Discuss supplementation with your pharmacist.
Avoid phenylalanine supplements while on chlorpromazine, perphenazine, or thioridazine because it could increase the risk of tardive dyskinesia (uncontrolled muscle movements of face, limbs, and trunk). (Mosnik 1997) (Richardson 1990)
Do not smoke when taking Olanzapine. It can increase clearance of the drug by 40%. (Pronsky 1999). Also, avoid tobacco with chlorpromazine, perphenazine, and thioridazine. It may increase metabolism of these drugs. (Brinker 1998)
Do not take Perphenazine mixed with tannin containing drinks (tea), or pectinate (applejuice). (Pronsky 1999)
Avoid caffeine because the effect of these drugs may be changed if taken within 40 minutes of caffeine. (Brinker 1998)
Herbal Considerations:
Avoid Yohimbe, belladonna, and yerba mansa with chlorpromazine, perphenazine, or thioridazine because they may lead to increased side effects or toxicity if combined. (Blumenthal 1998) (Brinker 1998)
It has been reported that Gingko may reduce some side effects of chlorpromazine, perphenazine, and thioridazine. However, do not take this herb with these medications without first consulting a physician or pharmacist. (Liu 1997)
There is a potential risk of seizure with the use of Evening Primrose Oil with chlorpromazine, perphenazine, or thioridazine, avoid together. (Brown 1997) (Newall 1996)
Avoid Guarana, Mate, Cola, Cocoa, and Tea because their caffeine content may alter the effects of some of these antipsycotic medications. (Brinker 1998)
References:
Blumenthal, M (Ed.): The Complete German Commission E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines. American Botanical Council. Austin, TX. 1998.
Brinker, F Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions, Eclectic Medical Publications, 1999.
Brown R. "Potential interactions of herbal medicines with antipsychotics, antidepressants and hypnotics." European Journal of Herbal Medicine, 1997; 3:25-28.
Facts and Comparisons, Clinisphere 2.0, Wolters Kluwer Company, 2000.
Folkers K. Basic chemical research on coenzyme Q10 and integrated clinical research on therapy of diseases. As cited in Lenaz G (ed.). Coenzyme Q. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1985
Kishi T. Inhibition of Myocardial respiration by Psychotherapeutic Drugs and Prevention of Co Enzyme Q. Biomedical and Clinical Aspects of Coenzyme Q. Elsevier North Holland Biomedical Press, Amsterdam. 1980 Vol. 2 139-54.
Liu P, et al. Combined use of Ginkgo biloba extracts on efficacy and adverse reactions of various antipsychotics. Zhongguo Linchuang Yaolixue Zaxhi 13(4): 193-198, 1997
Mosnik DM, Spring B, Rogers K, and Baruah SL. Tardive dyskinesia exacerbated after ingestion of phenylalanine by schizophrenic patients. Neuropsychopharmacology 16(2): 136-146, 1997.
Newall CA, Anderson LA, Phillipson JD. Herbal Medicines: A Guide for Health-care Professionals. London: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996
Pronsky, ZM, et al: Food-Medication Interactions, Pottstown, PA, 1999.
Richardson MA. Amino acids in psychiatric disease. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press, 1990.
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